'general unwholesome mental factors associated with all unwholesome actions' (volitions), are four: 

• (1) lack of moral shame (ahirika), 

• (2) lack of moral dread (anottappa), 

• (3) restlessness (uddhacca), 

• (4) delusion (moha). 

For (1) and (2) s. ahirika-anottappa, for (3) s. nīvarana, for (4) mūla. (App.).

The corresponding term in the field of wholesome consciousness is sobhana- sādhārana-cetasika (s. sobhana).